Kyoto Protocol (2005)

Created on January 21, 2025

Principle of Common But Differentiated Responsibilities (CBDR)

  • Recognizes different capabilities and responsibilities of individual countries in addressing climate change.

Country Classification Under Kyoto Protocol

Annex

  1. Annex I
    • Includes developed countries and economies in transition (EITs).
    • Obligation:
      • Binding commitment to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
  2. Annex II
    • Subset of Annex I countries (developed OECD members excluding EITs).
    • Obligation:
      • Financial and technological assistance to:
        • EITs: Technological help.
        • Non-Annex countries: Both financial and technological support.

Non-Annex

  • Countries without binding emission reduction targets.
  • Includes:
    • Developing countries
    • Least Developed Countries (LDCs)
    • Small Island Developing States (SIDS)

This structure ensures equity by assigning greater responsibility to developed nations while supporting vulnerable and developing countries.

RELATED MATERIAL

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